Submissions

Author Guidelines

GENERAL REQUIREMENT

1. The article is written on A4 size paper with 3cm top margin, 3cm left margin, 3cm right margin, and 3cm bottom edge.
2. Arranged in a 2-column layout with the beginning of the sentence indented by 1 cm.
3. The font type uses Times New Roman with 1 space without before and after.
4. Writing citations and bibliography must use the Reference Manager application (example: Mendeley, Zotero, Endnote).
5. Articles should not exceed 15 pages.
6. Words or terms in foreign languages ​​must use italic writing format.
7. Articles are submitted in soft copy using Microsoft Word and are in accordance with the template.

TABLE

1. Writing tables as much as possible is made on one page.
2. The line drawn is only a horizontal line and the separator is only in the column headings.
3. The title of the table uses a font size of 11 points, bold and placed before the table in the center position (center text).
4. Writing the title of the table accompanied by numbering starting from number 1. (e.g., Table 1. Title)
5. The font in the table is Times New Roman, size 10, spaced 1 with before 3 pt and after 3 pt.
6. Fill in the table using the left alignment (align left).
7. Reference sources for tables must be included in their entirety (source: Publishing Agency for Journals, 2022) and placed on the bottom left with size 10 and spaced 1.
8. The table is placed at the bottom of the page that discusses the table, if the table is not sufficient, it is placed in one of the columns.

IMAGE

1. Images are presented clearly and of good quality and the title of the image is written with numbering starting with the number 1. (e.g., Figure 1. Title)
2. The title of the image uses a font size of 11, is in bold and is placed after the image in the center position (center text).
3. The image reference source must be included in its entirety (source: Journal Publishing Agency, 2022) and placed in brackets after the image title (if any).

ARTICLE CONTENTS

TITLE

1. The title must be informative and well written briefly and clearly no more than 12 words.
2. The font type for the title of the article uses the Times New Roman font, size 14, spaced 1.
3. The title of the article is written with the position of the text aligned in the middle.
4. The title of the article is written in ALL CAPITAL LETTERS / ALLCAPS / UPPERCASE and BOLD / BOLD PRINT.

AUTHOR’S NAME

1. The author's name (without an academic degree) is written after the title with Times New Roman font type size 11 spaces 1, the writing format of Each Word Begins with Capitalize Each Word and BOLD / BOLD.
2. After the author's name must be followed by the author's affiliation address written in Times New Roman size 11 space 1, the writing format of Each Word Begins With Capitalize Each Word written sequentially starting from the Study Program, Faculty, University, Country Name.
3. The name of the author and the author's affiliation is written in the middle of the text position.
4. The composition of the authors is arranged in descending order starting with the main author.

ABSTRACT (ENGLISH)

1. Abstract begins with the word Abstract: which is written in Bold and italic writing format.
2. Abstract is written in italic writing format.
3. Abstract is written using Times New Roman font, size 10 spacing 1.
4. Abstract contains and is structured the same as the abstract content but in a different language, namely English.

KEYWORDS (ENGLISH)

1. Keywords begin with the word Keywords: which is written in Bold and italic writing format.
2. Keywords are written in italic writing format.
3. Keywords are written using Times New Roman font, size 10, spaced 1
4. Keywords contain and are structured the same as the keyword content but in a different language, namely English.

ABSTRACT (INDONESIA)

1. Abstract begins with the word Abstract: which is written in Bold / Bold writing format.
2. Abstract written using Times New Roman font size 10 spacing 1.
3. Abstracts are arranged in 1 paragraph with 150-200 words.
4. Abstracts are arranged sequentially starting from the urgency of the research, research objectives, research design/methods/objects, results and discussion, and implications with brief and clear descriptions.

KEYWORDS (INDONESIA)

1. Keyword begins with the word Keyword: which is written in Bold / Bold writing format.
2. Keywords are written using Times New Roman font size 10 spaces 1.
3. Keywords consist of three to five keywords separated by a sign ( ; ) without using a hyphen.

PRELIMINARY

1. The introduction is written using the Times New Roman font, size 11 points with 1 space.
2. Written in several sequential narrative paragraphs starting from the background, research gap, research benefits, and ending with research objectives.

LITERATURE REVIEW

1. The literature review is written using the Times New Roman font, size 11 points with 1 space.
2. Written with unlimited subchapters starting with the theories used, the research framework, and ending with the development of hypotheses.

RESEARCH METHODS

1. The research method is written using Times New Roman size 11 points with 1 space.
2. Written in a sequential narrative paragraph starting from the type of research, nature of the research, location and period of research, population, sampling technique, sample, data sources, and data collection methods, and data analysis methods.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

1. The introduction is written using Times New Roman size 11 points with 1 space.
2. Written with sub-chapters starting from the characteristics of the respondents, data analysis, hypothesis testing, and ending with a discussion.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1. Conclusions and suggestions are written using Times New Roman size 11 points with 1 space.
2. It is written with sub-chapters starting with conclusions and ending with suggestions.
3. Conclusions and suggestions are the closing part of the research that the researcher writes where the contents of the research have been described in the previous chapter. The conclusion section will briefly explain the results of the research that the researchers have carried out. In the suggestions section, the researcher will describe the suggestions that the researcher feels are necessary for the parties involved in this research.

IMPLICATIONS

1. Implications are written using Times New Roman size 11 points with 1 space.
2. Research implications suggest how the findings may be important for policy, practice, theory, and subsequent research. Research implications are basically the conclusions that you draw from your results and explain how the findings may be important for policy, practice, or theory. However, the implications need to be substantiated by evidence and the study's parameters need to be explained and the limitations taken into account to avoid over-generalization of results.

LIMITATIONS

1. Limitations of the study written using Times New Roman size 11 points with 1 space.
2. The limitation of the research problem is something that is very important in getting closer to the main problem to be discussed. This is to avoid confusion or confusion in interpreting the research results. The scope of the research is intended as an affirmation of the boundaries of the object.

REFERENCES

1. The bibliography is written using Times New Roman size 11 points with 1 space and is written in a hanging paragraph format.
2. Writing citations and bibliography must use the Harvard-style reference Manager application (eg Mendeley, Zotero, Endnote).

HARVARD REFERENCING BASICS: REFERENCE LIST

A reference list is a complete list of all the sources used when creating a piece of work. This list includes information about the sources like the author, date of publication, title of the source and more. A Harvard reference list must:

• Be on a separate sheet at the end of the document
• Be organised alphabetically by author, unless there is no author then it is ordered by the source title, excluding articles such as a, an or the
  • If there are multiple works by the same author these are ordered by date, if the works are in the same year they are ordered alphabetically by the title and are allocated a letter (a, b, c etc) after the date
• Be double spaced: there should be a full, blank line of space between each line of text
• Contain full references for all in-text references used

HARVARD REFERENCING BASICS: IN-TEXT

In-text references must be included following the use of a quote or paraphrase taken from another piece of work. In-text references are references written within the main body of text and refer to a quote or paraphrase. They are much shorter than full references. The full reference of in-text citations appears in the reference list. In Harvard referencing, in-text citations contain the author(s)’s or editor(s)’s surname, year of publication and page number(s). Using an example author James Mitchell, this takes the form:

Mitchell (2017, p. 189) states... Or (Mitchell, 2017, p. 189)

(Note: p. refers to a single page, pp. refers to a range of pages)

Two or Three Authors:

When citing a source with two or three authors, state all surnames like so:

Mitchell, Smith and Thomson (2017, p. 189) states… Or

(Mitchell, Coyne and Thomson, 2017, p. 189)

Four or More Authors:

In this case, the first author’s surname should be stated followed by ‘et al’:

Mitchell et al (2017, p. 189) states… Or (Mitchell et al, 2017, p, 189)

No Author:

If possible, use the organisation responsible for the post in place of the author. If not, use the title in italics:

(A guide to citation, 2017, pp. 189-201)

Multiple Works from the Same Author in the Same Year:

If referencing multiple works from one author released in the same year, the works are allocated a letter (a, b, c etc) after the year. This allocation is done in the reference list so is done alphabetically according to the author's surname and source title:

(Mitchell, 2017a, p. 189) or Mitchell (2017b, p. 189)

Citing Multiple Works in One Parentheses:

List the in-text citations in the normal way but with semicolons between different references:

(Mitchell, 2017, p. 189; Smith, 200; Andrews, 1989, pp. 165-176)

Citing Different Editions of the Same Work in One Parentheses:

Include the author(s)’s name only once followed by all the appropriate dates separated by semicolons:

Mitchell (2010; 2017) states… Or (Mitchell, 2010; 2017)

Citing a Reference with No Date:

In this case simply state ‘no date’ in place of the year: (Mitchell, no date, p. 189).

Citing a Secondary Source:

In this case, state the reference you used first followed by ‘cited in’ and the original author:

Smith 2000 (cited in Mitchell, 2017, p. 189) or (Smith, 2000, cited in Mitchell, 2017, p. 189)

How to Cite Different Source Types

In-text citations remain quite constant across source types, unless mentioned explicitly, assume the in-text citation uses the rules stated above

REFERENCE LIST REFERENCES VARY QUITE A LOT BETWEEN SOURCES

How to Cite a Book in Harvard Format

Book referencing is the simplest format in Harvard referencing style. The basic format is as follows:

Book Referencing Example:

Mitchell, J.A. and Thomson, M. (2017) A guide to citation.3rd edn. London: London Publishings.

How to Cite an Edited Book in Harvard Format

Edited books are collations of chapters written by different authors. Their reference format is very similar to the book reference except instead of the author’s name, the editor’s name is used followed by (eds.) to distinguish them as an editor. The basic format is:

Editor surname(s), initial(s). (eds.) (Year Published). Title. Edition. Place of publication: publishers

Edited Book Example:

William, S.T. (eds.) (2015) Referencing: a guide to citation rules. New York: My Publisher

How to Cite a Chapter in an Edited Book in Harvard Format

For citing chapters, you need to add the chapter author and chapter title to the reference.

Chapter in an Edited Book Example:

Troy B.N. (2015) ‘Harvard citation rules’ in Williams, S.T. (ed.) A guide to citation rules. New York: NY Publishers, pp. 34-89.

In-Text Citations: Chapter in an Edited Book

Use the chapter author surname, not the editor.

How to Cite an E-Book in Harvard Format

To reference an e-book, information about its collection, location online and the date it was accessed are needed as well as author name, title and year of publishing.

If the e-book is accessed via an e-book reader the reference format changes slightly:

Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year Published). Title. Edition. E-book format [e-book reader]. Available at URL or DOI (Accessed: day month year)

This includes information about the e-book format and reader, for instance this could be ‘Kindle e-book [e-book reader]’.

E-Book Example:

Mitchell, J.A., Thomson, M. and Coyne, R.P. (2017) A guide to citation. E-book library [online]. Available at: https://www.mendeley.com/reference-management/reference-manager (Accessed: 10 September 2016)

How to Cite a Journal Article in Harvard Format

Journal Article Example

Mitchell, J.A. ‘How citation changed the research world’, The Mendeley, 62(9), p70-81.

Journal Article Online Example

Mitchell, J.A. ‘How citation changed the research world’, The Mendeley, 62(9) [online]. Available at: https://www.mendeley.com/reference-management/reference-manager (Accessed: 15 November 2016)

How to Cite a Newspaper Article in Harvard Format

Citing a newspaper article is similar to citing a journal article except, instead of the volume and issue number, the edition and date of publication are needed:

Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year) ‘Article Title’, Newspaper Title (edition), day month, page number(s).

Note: edition is used only where applicable.

Newspaper Article Example:

Mitchell, J.A. (2017) ‘Changes to citation formats shake the research world’, The Mendeley Telegraph (Weekend edition), 6 July, pp.9-12.

How to Cite an Online Journal or Newspaper Article in Harvard Format

To cite an online journal or newspaper article, the page numbers section from the print journal or newspaper reference is swapped with the URL or DOI the article can be accessed from and when it was accessed. So, the reference for an online journal article is:

Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year) ‘Title of article’, Title of journal, volume(issue/season) [online]. Available at: URL or DOI (Accessed: day month year)

And the reference for an online newspaper article is:

Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year) ‘Article Title’, Newspaper Title (edition), day month [online]. Available at: URL or DOI (Accessed: day month year)

How to Cite Non-Print Material in Harvard Format

How to Cite an Online Photograph in Harvard Format

The basic format is as follows:

Photograph surname, initial. (Year of publication) Title of photograph [online]. Available at: URL (Accessed: day month year)

Online Photograph Example:

Millais, J.E. (1851-1852) Ophelia [online]. Available at: www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/millais-ophelia-n01506 (Accessed: 21 June 2014)

How to Cite a Film in Harvard Format

Film Example:

Rear Window (1954) Directed by Alfred Hitchcock [Film]. Los Angeles: Paramount Pictures.

How to Cite a TV Programme in Harvard Format

TV Programme Example:

‘Fly’ (2010) Breaking Bad, Series 2, episode 10. AMC, 23 May 2010.

How to Cite Music in Harvard Format

Music Example:

Beyonce (2016) Lemonade [Visual Album] New York: Parkwood Records. Available at: https://www.beyonce.com/album/lemonade-visual-album/ (Accessed: 17 February 2016).

How to Cite a Website in Harvard Format

The basic format to cite a website is:

Author surname(s), initial(s). (Year of publishing) Title of page/site [Online]. Available at: URL (Accessed: day month year)

Website Example:

Mitchell, J.A. (2017) How and when to reference [Online]. Available at: https://www.howandwhentoreference.com/ (Accessed: 27 May 2017)